Ejercicio resuelto de Las leyes de los gases y mezclas de gases (1 de 3)

Solución: \[ n_{\text{CO}} = \frac{0{,}8 \, \text{g}}{28 \, \text{g/mol}} = 0{,}02857 \, \text{mol} \] \[ n_{\text{CO}_2} = \frac{1{,}6 \, \text{g}}{44 \, \text{g/mol}} = 0{,}03636 \, \text{mol} \] \[ n_{\text{CH}_4} = \frac{1{,}4 \, \text{g}}{16 \, \text{g/mol}} = 0{,}08750 \, \text{mol} \] \( \textbf{Total de moles:} \) \[ n_{\text{total}} = 0{,}02857 + 0{,}03636 + 0{,}08750 = 0{,}15243 \, \text{mol} \]

Solución: \[ \chi_{\text{CO}} = \frac{0{,}02857}{0{,}15243} = 0{,}1874 \] \[ \chi_{\text{CO}_2} = \frac{0{,}03636}{0{,}15243} = 0{,}2386 \] \[ \chi_{\text{CH}_4} = \frac{0{,}08750}{0{,}15243} = 0{,}5740 \] \( \textbf{Verificación:} \quad \chi_{\text{CO}} + \chi_{\text{CO}_2} + \chi_{\text{CH}_4} = 1{,}000 \)

Solución: \[ \textbf{Datos:} \] \[ n_{\text{total}} = 0{,}15243 \, \text{mol}, \quad V = 2{,}00 \, \text{L}, \quad T = 27^\circ\text{C} = 300 \, \text{K}, \quad R = 0{,}082 \, \text{L} \cdot \text{atm} \cdot \text{mol}^{-1} \cdot \text{K}^{-1} \] \[ \textbf{Presión total (ecuación de los gases ideales):} \] \[ P_{\text{total}} = \frac{nRT}{V} = \frac{0{,}15243 \cdot 0{,}082 \cdot 300}{2{,}00} = 1{,}873 \, \text{atm} \] \[ \textbf{Presión parcial de cada gas:} \] \[ P_{\text{CO}} = \chi_{\text{CO}} \cdot P_{\text{total}} = 0{,}1874 \cdot 1{,}873 = 0{,}351 \, \text{atm} \] \[ P_{\text{CO}_2} = \chi_{\text{CO}_2} \cdot P_{\text{total}} = 0{,}2386 \cdot 1{,}873 = 0{,}447 \, \text{atm} \] \[ P_{\text{CH}_4} = \chi_{\text{CH}_4} \cdot P_{\text{total}} = 0{,}5740 \cdot 1{,}873 = 1{,}075 \, \text{atm} \] \( \textbf{Verificación:} \quad 0{,}351 + 0{,}447 + 1{,}075 = 1{,}873 \, \text{atm} \)